Electricity meter



HARP

Aug. 25, 1925.

ELEC/TR C TTY METER Shams-Sheet Filed May l? 1,922

llatented 25, lQZtio JESSE HARRIS, F LA F3-YETTE, INBIANA, -LSSGNQE T0 DUNCAN ELECTRIC MANU- FACTURNG COMPANY, Ol? L FAYETEE,

Application led May 15, 1922.

T ZZ whom t may concern:

lle it known that l, li-ssn Hai-rais, citizen of the United States, residingl at La Fayette, in the county of Tippecanoe and State oi Indiana1 have invented certain new and useful improvement in llllectrieity lilieters, oia which. the 'follow is a tiill, clear, concise, and exact description.

h/ly invention relates to electricity meters designed Jfor use upon systems oit alternating; electric current distribution that have reactive loads, the invention having` tor its object the provision of an `instruincnt which will record the volt ainperes used in such a system. ln carrying out my invention means are also preferably aiiorded iter recoi-ding` the true watts, the reactive watts and the power Ytactor.

The instrument of my invention includes au electric motor having; windings subject 'to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the cgi energy consumed, a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pres-- sure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts, and a recording` instrument having two coinpleinental moving elements, one operated by one motor and the other by the other motor.

n the preferred embodiment et the invention one ot these recording instrument elements in the form of a chart provided with a true watt scale, a. r active watts scale angular to the true watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point. power 'taeter scale is also added to the chart, this third scale being between the other two scales. rlhe other recording,` instrument element is preferably in the form ci" a stylus adapted to etllect markings upon the chart which conform to the relative movements et the recording' instrument elements that are etlieeted by the motors to which they are individual. The chart is preferably ot cylindrical curvature and is rotatively mounted to be turned by its inotor from Zero position in one direction substantially parallel with one of the .first two scales. The stylus is reciprocable in a direction substantially parallel with one or the other ot the lirst two scales and is moved by its motor in one direction from Zero position, these two scales having a substantially common Zero point,

Serial No. 551,141.

is desirable to produce a volt ampere record, say once each litteen minutes, on which account 'it is necessary to restore the moving el ments of the recording instrument to zero positions at the beginning' of each period et time. l employ two coupling devices respectively individual to the two motors for coupling the recording instrument elements therewith in order that a record may be produced which will measure the volt amperes during each time period. llfhen the end ot each time period has been reached restoring devices that are respectively individual to the recording instrunient elements restore these elements to Zero position. A. restoring` motor, suoli as a constant speed motor furnished with operatingl current tor the system, is eliective, at the conclusion ot each period, to operate the coupling devices to uncouple the lirst two motors and tor bringing the restoring` devices into action.

l will explain my invention more fully by reference to the acconipanyingv drawings in which Fig. l is a. general diagrammatic view oi a polypha-se system ot distribution having the meter ot' my invention connected therevith; 2 represents one torni oi chart; Fig. S is a plan view of a part of the stylus control mechanism; Fig. 4l is a sectional view on the line oi" Fig. 8 with the recording drinn added; and Fig'. 5 is a section view on line of Fie.

iiilre parts are indicated by similar characters o'l" reference throughout the ditterent ,figures The system of alternating electric current distribution illustrated is a three phase generator l in circuit with the primary winding 2 oiC a transformer whose secondary 3 supplies current to the mains t, 5 and 6 of the distributing circuit. A load 7 ot one phase is included between the mains i and 5. A load 8 of another phase is included between the mains 5 and 6 and a load 9 oi the third phase is included between the mains e and 2. Some ot the load is indicated as being reactive, the reactance indicated being electro-magnetic or inductive although it is understood that the react-ance may also be electrostatic.

T he true watts, the reactive watts, the power factor and the volt amperes are preferably recorded upon a chart 10 mounted upon the cylindrical drum 11 but desirably extending` only partially about the same7 the chart tlms having cylindrical curvature imparted to it. It may be held in place by means of clips 12 so that it may be readily replaced by a fresh chart, say once a month. The element 10 of the recording instrument has a suitable con'iplenient such as the stylus 13, the elements 1 0 and 13 thus const-itilting, parts of a marking instrument which is the preferred form of recording instrument. During each time interval one ot these marking); instrument elements is moved proportional to the true watts and the other proportional to the reactive watts, as will more fully appear hereinafter. As illustrated, the stylus 13 nieves parallel with the true watts scale lfl that extends lengthwise of the drum 11 while the drum itself turns in a plane which is parallel with the reactive watts scale 15, these two movements being at right angles to each other. The scales meet at the lett of the drum in a common Zero point. The chart may be a small sheet of coordinate paper marked into suitable equal major squares defined by the lines numbered upon the two scales from 1 to 10 inclusive. rEhe major squares are divided into one hundred minor squares by other lines, as is well understood. The joint action of the complemental marking instrument elements 10 and 13 during any one metering period. assuming,- that the load has a reactive component, will result in an oblique line 1G. he sloping,Y of this line is so controlled by the reactive watts and true watts motors that move these elements l0 and 13 respee tively, that such oblique line will be proportional in length to the volt ainperes. preferably read in KVA terms, employed during the metering period in which the line is being drawn. Such lines produced in different metering periods will be nonscoincident if the character of the load changes. lf the load does not change in its character the lines for the different periods will be superimposed, the markings varying in length if the load varies in amount or is variable in duration. The true watts em ployed in each meteringperiod are defined upon the true watts scale 14C by the chart line or space perpendicular to this scale which is reached by the line 16 drawn during such period. Similarly, the reactive watts employed during such period are determined by the line or space that is perpendicular to the reactive watts scale 15 and which is reached by the same line 1G that determines the true watts. lf there is no reactive component the drum 11 will not be turned and there would be but one measurement, that of the true watts effected by the movement of the stylus 13.

The power factor scale 17 is desirably a curved line drawn with the common Zero point of the other two scales as a center7 this line beingdivided into, say, nine equal parts with power factor values noted at the division points of this curved line, these power factor values being determined by the relation of the division points of the line 17 to the true watts scale 11i, as the chart is arranged. The power factor in any one metering period is determinedv by radially continuingl the volt ampere line` 1G formed durine' such period, or the median of such line if it be irregular, until it intersects the line 1T, the point of intersection determining the power factor value for the corresponding metering period. lf this point of intersection does not happen to be coincident with one of the markings of the scale 17, the power factor value measured by such point of intersection may readily be calculated with reference to the power factor notations upon either side thereof.

As is understood the stylus 13 may be moved proportionally to the true watts or the reactive watts and the chart 10 may be moved proportionally to the reactive watts or the true watts as is preferred. As stated, in the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated, the stylus 13 is moved proportionally to the watts and to this end is mounted upon a carrier 18 formed with a worm thread 1S) that is adapted to mesh with a worm sha ft 20 when the stylus is moved in a meter-intY direction away from the Zero point of the scale lll. This worm shaft preferably provided with gearing', including` the worm pinion 2l which is in mesh with a worm 2Q upon the spindle 2B of the motor element of a polyphase meter. This spindle carries two aluminum or other non-magnetic metallic discs Q14; and l-shaped cores 2G and 27 are resiieetively placed in inductive relation to the distl as are U-shaped cores 2S and The cores 2G and Q7 are respectively provided with current windings 30 and 31 respectively included in the mains Zland 6. The cores QS and 29 are respectively provided with pressure windings 352 and the winding' B2 being in bridge of the mains l and 5 while the winding' is in bridge of the mains` 5 and 6.

The described motor element which drives the worm shaft 2O is one ot many types of motor elements employed in polyphase watt meters as is well understood by those skilled in the art. By means of this polyphase meter motor and the `fearing between it and the stylus 1?; such stylus is moved along' the stale 14 proportionally to the watts.

The motor for turning the drum proportionally to the reactive wat-ts is generally similar to the true watts motor that operates the stylus 13, the parts of the reactive watts nxotor that are similar to parts ot the true watts motor having similar reference characters applied thereto with added prime eX- itO intense Wa ts motor performs its function through gearing 21 in mesh. with the Worm 22 upon the shatt 25. The gearing Q1 drives a sha't't 40 carrying a crank disc 41 upon which is pivoted driving paivl 42. T his paivl engages a ratchet Wheel carried the drum 11. The shaft once in each revolution, serves to turn the ratchet `wheel. 43

one tooth space. A holding' dog' 44 prevents. return move-nient ot said wheel.

At the conclusion of each metering period, say each quarter ot an hour, the worin 19 upon the lower side ot' the stylus holder is lifted from the Worin 2O and the Worin. 4t' also termed in the stylus holder l is brought into mesh With the constantl7 rotating restoring shaft 4G to return the stylus 13 to Zero position. nrt the seine time the pavfl 42 and the dog 44 are disengaged trom the ratchet Wheel 43 to permit the weighted arm 4i' (turnime with the drinn 11 and raised `from its loiverincst position when the drinn is moved from Zero position) to restore the drum to Zero position. The coupling devices 19, 2O and 42,i 43 are thus respectivelir individual to the true Watts motor and the reactive Watts motor as are also the restoring devices 457 46 andL 47. rShe mechanism tor releasing' the coupling` devices and bringing the restoring devices into action dcsirahlj; includes a constant speed electric meter. the motor shown including,` a non-magnetic closed circuit metallic arma-ture 48 upon spindle 49 and located between electromagnetic cores 50 and 51 havin@- shaded poles 52 anc 53. rl`he core 50 is rurther provided` with a Winding` 54 subject to pressure ot the system ley locingi connected in hridsje oft tivo ot the mains such as 5 and 6.

rlfhe restoring devices are operated b v means ot gearing driven hv the Worin upon the spindle 49. The slia'tt 4G is thus driven to turn the releasing' and restoring Wheel 58 a revolution once each meteringl period. This Wheel is provided with a lug' 59 which engages one end ot the lever ti() at t-he conclusion of each metering' period. This lever, when thus actuated at the conclusion ot each metering period, lifts the rod 61 and effects the lateral movement thereoiz aivav from the drum 11 to engage this lug` with the pins 62 and G3 upon the paivl 42 and dog,` 44 to move thein out or". engagement with the Wheel 43 to permit the Weighted arm 42 te restore the drinn 11 and the chart thereon to Zero position, The lateral movement of the rod 61 which follows the operation oi" the lever h v the lun' 59 is due to the sloping` links 64 and G5 'which are pivotallj,7 connected with the rod each at one end and are statienarilv pivoted each at its other end.

illhenevcr the rod G1 is li 'tted and inovefzl sideivise to mal-Ze the coupling;v devices inet-- tec/tive` and to lering;l the iestoring` devices into actiom a rod 6G is li'tted therefrom 'to litt the stylus 13, separate the Worm 19 trom the Worin shaft 20. and effect engagement oi" the Worin 45 with the restoring` Worin shatt The worin shalt 46 is reverselv threaded with respect to shatt- QO and is driven at a high rateo't speed to cause rapid return movement et the stylus, to which end said sha'tt is driven through speed increasing gearing' represented at 55, 55. The shaft 46 terminates, at its lett end, short of shaft 20 so that the stylus arm is not can ried out ot the range ot engagement With the shait Q, The rear end ot the stylusarin mag7 'oe arranged to slide upon a guiding' rod G8 in order to conline the stvlus lil to rectilineal movements. The couplingdevices 19. 20, 42 and 43 are maintained inettective and the restoring devices 4G and are permitted to function duringv the time that the lever G0 rides upon the lue' 59 Whose peripheral length is short as compared with the peripheral length ot the balance ot the Wheel 58 which has no intluence upon the lever 60 and therefore permits the rod o1 to he returned to its normal position i which the couplingl devices 19.; 20 and 42, 43 are effective and the restoring' devices 45, 46

and 4i" are inetq rective.

The true Watts motor may he the moving,Y element oi an intepratiiue; Watt hour meter, there beingv indicated the initial wheel of al colliding,` train. The reactive .vatts motor mayv also he the movingr clement of an integrating reactive ivatt hour meter., there being indicated an initial Wheel 'ZO ot a cour-ating` train.

The advantages et the metering erpcipment et inv invention will lie i adil'y appreciated hv those slf'llef4 in the art. lilith the aid ot the record produred thereby.' consumers operating reactive loads may he properly billed not onl;7 tor the true Watts consumed hut also for the Wattless current employed. IThe recor heine; the coinposite nature described reirdii3Y show the KVA/tr demand tor all ot the metering; periods intervening between the ieter readings; tl Ve true Wattage cons .,h me tering periods; the reactive wattage; and the power factors, all oit the data Yturnishcd hy the records cnalf central stations to render charges to their customers which ivill he fair to and readiljiY comprehensible by them. ily inea-ns the equipment of inv invention the disadvantage ot making rates corresponding with the highest dpllG .Wigs

mands occurring between meter readings is avoided. The charts may be filer lor record and, being small, may be quickly read. It is unnecessar to read the meters at their locations, this work being done in the accounting rooms of" vthe central stations. The charts are preferably upon small squares of paper, thus replacing rolls ot paper which have been hitherto used. The charts will. continue to receive the complete records i1'- respective ot the intervals between meter readings.

There are many other characteristics and advantages which will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

lVhile l have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment ot my invention l do not wish to be limited to the preciseA details ot construction shown as changes may readily be made without departing trom the spirit ot my invention, but having thus described my invention l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following:

1. ln a system ot alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, tho combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; of z, second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marlv'ing instrument having two con'iplemental moving elements, one in the form of a chart provided with a true watts scale, a reactive watts seal@ angular to the true watts scale, these .scales having a substantially7 common Zero point, and a power factor scale between the other two scales, the other o'f said marking instrument elements being adapted to ef'l'ect markings upon said chart, the chart being of cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor in one direction Yfrom zero position substantially parallel with one oi the first two scales and the other marking instrument element being reciprocable in a direction substantially parallel with th@ other et' the first two scales and moved by the other motor in one direction from rero position; two coupling lcvices respectively individual to said motors tor coupling them with the marking instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual. to said marking instrument elements for restoring the saine to Zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied with current from the system and in operating relation to one of' said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting.; and mechanism periodically operated by 'the constant speed motor tor releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into aetion and for establishing operating relation attacca between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

ln a system of alternating electric eurrent distrilnition having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to th@A energy consumed; ot a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking ius'urrnnent having two complemental moving elements, one in the Yform of a chart provided with a true vatls scale, a reactive watts scale, these scales having a substantially common Zero point, and a power Afactor scale between the other two scales, the other of said marking instrun'iem; elements being adapted to e'ltect markings upon said chartg two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors for coupling them with the marking instrument ele-ments driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to vsaid marking instrument elements ttor restoring the same to Zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied with current from the system and in operating relation to one ot said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor for releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action and for establishing operating relation between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

8. ln a system of alternating electric eurrent distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; of a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument having two complemental moving elements, one in the form of a chart provided with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale angular to the true watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point, the other of said marking instrument ele ments being adapted to eiifeet markings upon said chart, the chart being oit cylindri cal curvature and turned by one motor in one direction from Zero position substantially parallel with one oit the first two scales and the other marking instrument element being reciprocable in a direction substantially parallel with the other of the first two scales and moved by the other motor in one direction Yfrom zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors 'for coupling them with the marking instrument elements driven there- *headset by; restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements Yfor restoring the same to zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied with current trom the system and in operating relation to one ot said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor tor releasing tie coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action and for establishing operating relation bctiveen the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

Ll. lu a system of alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination With an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure et the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; et a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of' the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive Watts; a marking instrun'ient having tivo complemental moving elements7 one in the form oitl a chart provided with a true Watts scale and a reactive Watts scale, these scales having a substantially common Zero point, `the other et said marking instrument elements being adapted to effect markings upon said chart; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors tor coupling them With the marl-:ing instrument elements driven thereby: restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements iter restoring the same to Zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied With current from lthe system and in operating relation to one ot said restoring` devices7 the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor for releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action and for establishing operating relation between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

5. ln a system ot alternating` electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional rto the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive Watts; a marking instrument having ftivo complemental moving elements, one adapted to mark the other, one rotative and turned by one motor in one direction trom zero position, and the other reciprocable and moved by the other motor in one direction it'rom zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors for coupling them With the marking instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements tor restoring the same to zero positions; a con-- sltant speed electric motor supplied with current from the system and in operating relation to one ot said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor tor releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action and for establishing operating relation between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed m0- tor.

6. ln a system et' alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to the current and pressure ot` the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive Watts; a marking instrument having tvvo complemental moving elements, one adapted to mark the other, one operated by one motor in one direction from Zero position and the other by fthe other motor in one direction from zero position; tivo coupling devices respectively individual to said motors tor coupling them with the marking instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements for restoring the same to Zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied 'ivith current troni the system and in operating relation to one of said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor for releasing' the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action and for establishing operating relation between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

7. ln a system ot' alternating electric current ydistribution having a reactive load; the combination With an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second elect-ric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument having two complemental moving elements, one in the form o'l a chart provided With a true Watts scale, a reactive Watts scale angular to the true watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point7 and a povver factor scale letvveen the other tivo scales, the other of said marking instrument llO elements being adapted to ett'ect markings upon said chart; the chart being ol' cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor in one direction from zero position substantially parallel with one ot the iii-st two scales and the other markiny instrument element being adapted to mark the tirst and .recip-Y rocable in a direction substantially parallel with the other ot the lirst two scales and moved by the other motor in one direction from zero position; two coupling devices re spectively individual to said motors Atra' coupling' them with the marking` insti-ui f elements driven thereby; restoring` derices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements tor restoring the saine anism periodically operated by the restm`- ing` motor tor releasing the coupling devices and bringingthe restoring devices into zu'- tion.

8. lln a system ot alternatingelectric current distribution havino' a reactive load; the combination with an electric motor lniviiigg.l windings subject to current and pressure o? the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; second electric motor having' windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a niarki'iiff instrumeut having' two complemental in` eiements; one in the torni ot a chai provided with a true watts scale, a reactive watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point, and a power tactor scale between the other two scales. the other ot said markino' ii'istrument elcmei being; adapted to ehect markings upon said chari two couplingY devices respectively indidw.; to said motors 'tor coupling them with marking; instrument elements driven thereby; restoring' devices resgpiettively individual to said marking instrument elements 'for rcstoringl the same to Zero positions. a rnstor ing' motor; and mechanism periodically operated by the restoring motor :tor releasing' the coupling devices and bringing the restoring` devices int-o action.

9. lin a system ol' alternating; electric cur rent distribution harina' a reactive load; the combination with an electric motor having' windings subject to current and pressure o t the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the eie` consumed; ot a second electric motor having' windings sul ject to current and pres-'sure oit the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking' instri'n'ient having;` two con'iplemental moving; elem-cum one in the form ot a chart )rovidcd with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale angular to the true. watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point, the other oi'i said marking instrument eleansioso/l ments being;` adapted to ettect markings upon said chart; the chart being' ot cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor in one direction 'trom zero position substantially parallel with one o'i' the lirst two yles and the otl er marking instrument element bcinib rcciprocable in a direction substantially parallel with the other of the tirst two scales y and moved by the other motor in one direction 'trom Zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual l'o said motors -for (-(mplingli them with the marking instrumentA elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements tor restoring' the Y same to Zero positi ns; a restoringr motor; Zero positions; a, restoring motor; and mecle and mechanism periodically operated by the restori'ire` motor 'tor releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring' devices into action.

l0. ln a system ot altfn'natine` electric eurrent distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the eli. consumed; ot' a second electric motor having' windings subject to current and pressure oi the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a markingi instrnn'ient having 'two complemental moving elements, one in the Ytorni ot a chart provided with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale, these scales haringv a. substantially common y zero point. the other oit said marking instrument elements being adapted to etlect markings upon said chart; two coupling' devices respectively individual to said motors for cougling' them with the marking;l instrument elements driven thereby; restoring' devices respectively `individual to said marking instrument elements tor restoring` the same to zero positions; a restoring motor; and mechanism periodically operated by the restorine' motor ttor releasingthe couplingdevices and bringing' the restoring devices into action.

il. in a system ot alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having` windings subject to current and pressure oit the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to `the energyY consumed; oit a second electric motor havingv windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranger to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a. markingv instrument having two coinplemental movin` elements, one adapted to mark the other, one rotative and turned b v one .motor in one direction 'trom zero position; and the other reciprocable and moved by the other motor in one direction trom zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual. to said motors for coupling;` them with the marking llO Lesoto/li'istrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said marking instrument elements tor restoring the same to zero positions; a restoring motor; and mechanism periodically operated by the restoring motor Yfor releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action.

l2. ln a system ot alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument havingl two complemental moving elements, one adapted to mark the other; one operated by one motor in one direction from Zero position and the other by the other motor in one direction 'trom Zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors tor coupling them with the marking instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual 'to said marking instrument elements 'tor restoring1 the same to nero positions; a restoring motor; and mechanism periodically operated by the restoring` motor tor releasing the coupling devices and bringingthe restoring de- -vices into action.

1?. ln a system olf alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the

eonibin tion with an electric motor l'iaving .windings subyect to current and pressure ot' the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional lo the reactive watts; a marking instrument having two complemental moving elements, one adapte" to mark the other, one in the torni of a chart provided with a true watts scale, a reactive watts scale angular to the true watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point7 and a power factor scale between the other two scales, the other ot said marking instrument elements being adapted to effect markings upon said chart, the chart being ot cylindrical curvat and turned by one motor in one direcni lion trom Zero position substantially parallel with one ot the Erst ltwo scales and the other marl-ting instrument element being reciproeable in a direction substantially parallel with the other ot the first two scales and moved by the other motor in one direction troni Zero position; two coupling devices resi'ieetively individual to said motors tor coupl inf; them with the marking instrument elenien driven thereby; and mechanism for I' 1 o periodically restoring the complemental elements of the marking instrument to zero positions.

lll. ln a system o alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; oli a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot tie system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument having two complemental moving elements, one in the term ot a chart provided with a true watts scale, a reactive watts scale, t lese scales having a substantially common Zero point; and a power factor scale between the other two scales; the other ot said marking instrument elements being adapted to el'ieot mar rings upon said chart; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors tor l*oupling them with the marking instrunient elements driven thereby; and mechanism `lior periodically restoring the complemental elements of the marking instrument to Yero positions.

l5. lin a system ot alternating` electric current distribution having a reactive load; the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure or the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument having two complemental moving elements; one in the to m ot a chartorovided with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale angular to the true watts scale, these scaleshaving a substantially common zero pointzl the other oi said marking instrument eleiuentsbeing adapted to etlect markings upon said chart-the chart being ot cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor in one Viirection trom Zero position substantially arallel with one ot the tirst two scales and the other marking instrument element being reeiprooable in a direction substantially par- -^"'\l with the other ot the rst two scales moved by the other motor in one direction trom aero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors tor coupling them with the marking instrunient elements driven thereby; and mechanisni for periodically restoring the complei..ental elements et the marking instrument to Zero positions.

i6. ln a "stem ot alternating electric current disti aution having a re ctive load, the eofnbinat on with an electric motor havine' windings subject to current and pressure oi the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; of a second electric motor having windings subject to cur and airain to the reactive having two coinpleincntal mooringv elements'.

one in the true watts these scale` Zero poin nient e ings upon respectively individual to said motors tor couplingthem with the inarlingij instrument elcnicn s driven thereljiy; and mechanism for periodically resti'n'injsr the coinpleinental elements ot the i'i'iarlinev instrument to zero positions. i

i?. in a system ot alternatingg;` electric currentdistribution having a reactive load`r the combination with an electric motor havingv windings subject to currei'it and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor havingv wiiidingfrs subto current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion projxntional to the reactive watts; a marking instrument having' two comjvileinental moving` elements, one adapted to niark the other.y one rotative and turned by one motor in one directioii 'trom .Zero position, and the other reciprocable and moved by the other motor in one direction Ytroni xero position; two coupling dei. s respu'tively individual to said motors ttor couplingy them with the marking' instrument elements driven thereby; and mechanism tor periodically restorinf' the coinplenmntal elements ot the niarkingrv instrument to zero positions.

i8. ln a system ot alternating' electric current distribution having' a reactive load7 the cou'ibination with an electric motor havingl winnings subject to current and pressure oi" the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot' a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marl;- inn instrument havingY two conipleniental movi ng elements7 one in the torni o't a chart provided with a true watts scale, the react've watts scale angrular Vto the true watts scale, these scales having a substantially common Zero point2 and a power factor scale between the other two scales, the other ot' said maritiny' instrument elements being;` adapted to etl'ect markings upon said chart, the chart being ot cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor substantially parallel with one oit the lirst two. scales and the other markingv instrument element being movable by the other motor .in a direction substantially parallel with the other of the lirst two scales; and mechanism -for periodically rretorin o t a chart provided with a scale and a reactive watts scale, having a substantially common the otheil ot said marking instru- .rents beine; adapted to etliect niark-l said chart; two coupling' devices reliance `and arranged to cause motion proportional to Vthe reactive watts; a markingl instrument having;l twoicompleineiltal moving elements, one adapted to marit the other, one Vin the torni ol a chart provided with a true warts scale, a reactive watts scale7 these scales havingr a substantiallyv common zero point`r and a power .taeter scale between the other two scales, the other of said marking instrument elements beiney adapted to ei'ectmarkings upon said chart; and mechanism tor periodically restoring` said complemental elements to zero positions.

Ztl. ln a system ot alternating` electric 'arrent distribution having a reactive load, `he combination with an elect-rie motor having;` windiiig's subject to current and pressure ot the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; ot a second electric motor havingA windino's subject o current and pressure ot the sj, ein and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a marl;- ingij instrument having two eomjilemental niovinl elements, one in the torni of a chart provided with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale angular to the true watts reale, these scales having a substantially common Zero point, the other ot said marraine instrument elements being adapted to ellect markings upon said chart, the chart being ot' cylindrical curvature and turned by one motor substantiallyv parallel with one ot the lirst two scales and the other marking instrument element being movable by the other motor in a direction substantially parallel with the other ot' the First two scales' and mechanism for periodically c, restoring said coniplen'iental elements to zero positions.

2l. in a system ot' alternating electric current distribution havingl a reactive` load, the combination with an electric motor havinnwindings subject to current and pressure oi the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy con sinned; ot a second electric motor havingi windings subject to current and pressure olf the system and arranged to canse motion proportional to the reactive watts; a markingl instrument having` two complemental moving-lg elements; one in the torni ot a chart provided with a true watts scale and a reactive watts scale, these scales having a substantially common zero point, the other of said marking instrument elements being adapted to effect markings upon said chart; and mechanism for periodically restoring said complemental elements to zero positions.

22. In a system of alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; of a second electric motor having windings energy consumed; of a second electric motor having windings subjects to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a recording instrument having two complemental moving elements, one adapted to mark the other, one in the form of a chart and operated by one motor in one direction from Zero position and the other in the form of a marker operating upon the chart and operated by the other motor in one direction from Zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors for coupling them with the recording instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said recording instrument elements for restoring the same to zero positions; a constant speed electric motor supplied with current from the system and 1n operating relation to one of said restoring devices, the other restoring device being self-acting; and mechanism periodically operated by the constant speed motor Jfor releasing the coupling;l

into action and for establishing operating relation between the motor operated restoring device and the constant speed motor.

23. In a system of alternating electric current distribution having a reactive load, the combination with an electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of thesystem and arranged to cause motion proportional to the energy consumed; of a second electric motor having windings subject to current and pressure of the system and arranged to cause motion proportional to the reactive watts; a recording instrument having two complemental moving elements, one adapted to mark the other, one in the form of a chart and operated by one motor in one direction from Zero position and the other in the form of a marker operating upon the chartand operated by the other motor in one direction from zero position; two coupling devices respectively individual to said motors for coupling them with the recording instrument elements driven thereby; restoring devices respectively individual to said recording instrument elements for restoring the same to zero positions; a restoring motor; and mechanism.periodically operated by the restoring motor for releasing the coupling devices and bringing the restoring devices into action.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 13th day of May A. D., 1922.

JESSE HARRIS. 

